Scale Overview & Construct
18-item scale measuring two distinct traits: procrastination (delaying tasks) and precrastination (rushing to complete tasks early) as separate tendencies rather than opposite ends of one dimension.
Purpose & Measurement Objectives
Instrument Specifications
Academic Citation & Instrument Provenance
When referencing this instrument in research, academic theses, or clinical institutional audits, please cite the original author publication:
Governance, Boundaries & Ethical Use
Imported from the OpenScales open item-bank project. This specific digital implementation has not been independently clinically validated by PsiQ — scores are for self-reflection, research, and educational purposes only, and are not a diagnosis.
License: CC BY 4.0. Citation: Steel, P. (2007). The nature of procrastination: A meta-analytic and theoretical review of quintessential self-regulatory failure. Psychological Bulletin, 133(1), 65-94 (procrastination/precrastination trait measurement). This is not a diagnostic tool.