Scale Overview & Construct
7-item measure of trust in political and civic institutions, from the European Social Survey. Three subscales: Domestic Political, Order, and Supranational trust.
Purpose & Measurement Objectives
Instrument Specifications
Academic Citation & Instrument Provenance
When referencing this instrument in research, academic theses, or clinical institutional audits, please cite the original author publication:
Governance, Boundaries & Ethical Use
Imported from the OpenScales open item-bank project. This specific digital implementation has not been independently clinically validated by PsiQ — scores are for self-reflection, research, and educational purposes only.
License: CC BY-SA 4.0. Citation: Torcal, M. (2014). The decline of political trust in Spain and Portugal. American Behavioral Scientist, 58(12), 1542–1567; European Social Survey European Research Infrastructure (ESS ERIC), ESS Round 10/11 Source Questionnaire.