Democracy Battery (ESS)

Scale Overview & Construct

24-item instrument assessing democratic values and evaluations. Twelve normative items measure importance of democratic features; twelve paired evaluative items assess how well each feature describes the respondent's own country.

24-Item Scale Likert Self-Report Dimensional Breakdown Server-Side Validated

Purpose & Measurement Objectives

24-item instrument assessing democratic values and evaluations. Twelve normative items measure importance of democratic features; twelve paired evaluative items assess how well each feature describes the respondent's own country. Based on your answers to its 24 items, you'll get a breakdown across its 12 component areas as well as an overall picture, showing where the pattern is strongest for you. Your result shows you where you tend to stand on this issue, based on your own answers rather than an assumption.

Instrument Specifications

Target Population

Teachers, Educators & Faculty

Administration Format

Self-Administered

Intended Domain / Purpose

Research & Empirical Study

Recommended Age Bracket

Adults (18+ yrs)

Duration & Pacing

10 Minutes (Self-Paced)

Access License

Open Creative Commons

Academic Citation & Instrument Provenance

When referencing this instrument in research, academic theses, or clinical institutional audits, please cite the original author publication:

License: CC BY-SA 4.0. Citation: Ferrín, M., & Kriesi, H. (Eds.). (2016). How Europeans view and evaluate democracy. Oxford University Press; European Social Survey European Research Infrastructure (ESS ERIC), ESS Round 10/11 Source Questionnaire.

Governance, Boundaries & Ethical Use

Construct Boundaries & Interpretive Limitations

Imported from the OpenScales open item-bank project. This specific digital implementation has not been independently clinically validated by PsiQ — scores are for self-reflection, research, and educational purposes only.

License: CC BY-SA 4.0. Citation: Ferrín, M., & Kriesi, H. (Eds.). (2016). How Europeans view and evaluate democracy. Oxford University Press; European Social Survey European Research Infrastructure (ESS ERIC), ESS Round 10/11 Source Questionnaire.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the Democracy Battery (ESS)?

24-item instrument assessing democratic values and evaluations. Twelve normative items measure importance of democratic features; twelve paired evaluative items assess how well each feature describes the respondent's own country.

How long does the Democracy Battery (ESS) take?

It takes about 10 minutes to answer all 24 questions. You can go at your own pace.

Is this test free, and is it available in Hindi?

Yes, it is free with a PsiQ account. The questions and answer options are available in English, Hindi and Hinglish.

Can this test diagnose a condition?

No. Online self-report scales are for self-reflection, education and research, not diagnosis. If you are worried about your mental health, please speak to a qualified mental-health professional.