Scale Overview & Construct
11-item scale measuring overall disposition — comfort, trust, and perceived safety — toward self-driving (automated) vehicles.
Purpose & Measurement Objectives
Instrument Specifications
Academic Citation & Instrument Provenance
When referencing this instrument in research, academic theses, or clinical institutional audits, please cite the original author publication:
Governance, Boundaries & Ethical Use
Imported from the OpenScales open item-bank project. This specific digital implementation has not been independently clinically validated by PsiQ — scores are for self-reflection, research, and educational purposes only, and are not a diagnosis. Item 10 is a statement of indifference with ambiguous polarity relative to the rest of the scale and is scored as-written rather than reverse-coded.
License: CC BY 4.0. Citation: Nordhoff, S., de Winter, J., Kyriakidis, M., van Arem, B., & Happee, R. (2018). Acceptance of driverless vehicles: Results from a large cross-national questionnaire study. Journal of Advanced Transportation. This is not a diagnostic tool.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the Disposition towards Automated Driving Scale?
11-item scale measuring overall disposition — comfort, trust, and perceived safety — toward self-driving (automated) vehicles.
How long does the Disposition towards Automated Driving Scale take?
It takes about 5 minutes to answer all 11 questions. You can go at your own pace.
Is this test free, and is it available in Hindi?
Yes, it is free with a PsiQ account. The questions and answer options are available in English, Hindi and Hinglish.
Can this test diagnose a condition?
No. Online self-report scales are for self-reflection, education and research, not diagnosis. If you are worried about your mental health, please speak to a qualified mental-health professional.